Jan 9

Using a prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled multi-center study. Ott et al., (1998) assessed the efficacy and safety of the Insuflow (Georgia BioMedical, Inc.) filter heater hydrator device in reducing the incidence, severity and extent of hypothermia, length of recovery room stay and postoperative pain at the time of laparoscopy. Patients underwent gynecologic procedures via laparoscopy and surgeons, anesthesiologists and recovery room personnel assessed the results; incidence, severity and extent of hypothermia, postoperative pain perception and length of recovery room stay.
The Insuflow group had significantly less intraoperative hypothermia, reduced length of recovery room stay and reduced postoperative pain. Pre-conditioning of laparoscopic gas by filtering heating and hydrating was well tolerated with no adverse effects. The safety profile of the Insuflow pre-conditioned gas showed significant benefits compared to currently used raw gas.
The authors concluded that pre-conditioning laparoscopic gas by filtering heating and hydrating with the Insuflow device was significantly more effective than the currently used standard raw gas and was safe in reducing or eliminating laparoscopic-induced hypothermia, shortening recovery room length of stay and reducing postoperative pain.
(1)

Farley et al., (2004) reported that while patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with warmed, humidified CO2 had several advantages such as;
maintain a warmer intraoperative core temperature, have their surgeon experience less fogging of the camera lens, and have less postoperative pain than patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with standard CO2 insufflation that were statistically significant, no major clinically relevant differences were evident.
(2)

Jan 10

All multicellular organisms may be affected or have the potential to be afflicted by cancer. Paleopathologists have observed cancerous lesions which occurred even in dinosaur bones long before the apparition of Homo sapiens. The ancient Egyptians observed the cancer in humans, and in the Edwin Smith papyrus, a glyph clearly refers clearly to a clinical cancer of the breast. Moreover, the autopsies of mummies have proven the existence of bone tumors and confirmed the probability of other cancerous processes.

By the era of Hippocrates in the 4 th century B.C., breast cancer was clinically recognized and described and Hippocrates considered that in many cases it was very important that one of his cardinal rules, Primum non nocere (first do no harm) be applied, since little could be done for the patient. Hippocrates establishes the use of the term carcinoma when referring to tumors “that spread and destroyed the patient “and advances a theory according to which cancer is determined by the excess of “black bile”. Hippocrates (and after him many other doctors in the following 2000 years) tended not to treat the deep-seated or ulcerated cancers, because “if treated, the patients die quickly; but if not treated, they hold out for a long time.”

About six hundred years later, Galen makes another classification describing “tumors according to nature” (the normal enlargement of the breast with female maturation or during pregnancy and “tumors contrary to nature” (benign and malign tumors). Galen also was the one who suggested the slight similarity between a crab and cancer.

During the Middle Ages the medical practice has been dominated by the concepts of Galen and Hippocrate. The Renaissance and the 17th and the 18th century brought a new perspective on the disease. The “black bile” theory of the cause of cancer has been disputed by an increasing number of physicians (one of the most important being Ramazzini) and the surgery of neoplasms appeared. There were written treatises on mastectomies for breast cancer some of them mentioning the dissection of regional lymph nodes. Ramazzini also attributed the high prevalence of breast cancer among nuns to their celibate life. This observation withstood the test of time.

In the nineteenth century the medical community and the scientists began to study cancer systematically and intensively. The anatomist Bichat is the one who extended the principles of Galen. Bichat (1821) described the anatomy of many neoplasms and is the one who suggested that cancer was an “accidental formation” of tissue built up in the same way as any other portion of the organism. Seventeen years later, Johannes Müller extended these observations through the use of the microscope. Although the cellular theory was just being formulated and little was known about the cell at that time, Müller demonstrated independently that the cancer tissue was made up of cells. Rudolf Virchow (1863), a student of Muller extended our descriptive knowledge of cancer; he came up with a number of theories that were later disproved but he was the first one who pointed out a relation between chronic irritation and some cancers.

As major advances have been made in biology, many advances have been also made in the study of cancer. In 1829, Recamier introduced the term “metastases” in his work Recherces du Cancer and described clearly how cancer spreads by metastasis. Another important advance in cancer study was the demonstration by Waldeyer (1872) that the metastases were the result of the fact that some cells from primary cancers infiltrated lymphatic vessels.Other important advances in oncology were based on the work of Novinsky (1877), Doven and Shimkin (1970) .

Dec 17

From levels “dangerous” of several volatile organic compounds, some plants were found to reduce contamination to undetectable levels within 24 hours.

It has been shown that many times the indoor air is contaminated. And it is almost certainly inside your house or your job where you spend more hours throughout the day.

Many materials emit volatile organic compounds that pollute the air we breathe in our home or in our work. These materials can be found in carpets, upholstery, plastics, synthetic fibers … This is in addition to chemical contamination of cleaners, insecticides, adhesives, paints and varnishes … In fact, if the nose closer to many things we can perceive the smell of some of these substances harmful to our health. By separating the nose, these odors are so scattered that may not be noticed but still there albeit in smaller concentrations.

A 1990 study by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency of the U.S. government) concluded that this “indoor pollution” is one of 11 major environmental problems. Moreover, this same study shows that the public has no concern enough for this type of pollution and, however, does have other more powerful types of contamination, such as “oil spills, which are not explicitly EPA’s list, but may be included in the section “habitat alteration. We must clarify that although oil spills cause serious damage to ecosystems, this form of pollution is an insignificant cause of the amount of hydrocarbons that pollute the seas and not get in the news when they occur. We refer, for example, to the work of “cleansing” that make hundreds of sea vessels illegally pouring large amounts of contaminants, without the rulers do not permit. It is interesting to note that of the 13 greatest concerns of citizenship only 3 are on the EPA list. This reveals that the environmental concerns of society at large is unaware of the greatest dangers, but perhaps only the most striking.

The solution to pollution indoors to avoid breathing polluted air, is easier than it looks (see Book of Nebel / Wright: Bill Wolverton, an environmental engineer at NASA studied the early seventies the problem of maintaining clean and healthy air in spacecraft. She began studying domestic plants and were much better than they had expected. From level “dangerous” of several volatile organic compounds, Wolverton found that some plants reduce contamination to undetectable levels in 24 hours. Two of the most effective were the cleome and philodendron (Philodendron, genus with over 250 species of ornamental aroid family), which are also among domestic plants that are easier to care for: tolerate almost any condition lighting, watering just 1 or 2 times per week, are resistant to pests and have no flowers to cause allergies. Also, are planted with ease: the philodendron cuttings and stolons numerous cleome of casting.

We can thus say that indoor plants clean the air we breathe. In particular, they are very easy to care for almost all of the family of the Araceae (Philodendron, Pothos, SYNGONIUM, regel, Monstera, Dieffenbachia, Caladium, Aglaonema …). For internet you can find much information on indoor plants.

Put plants in your life and give them as gifts, it seems a good motto to breathe better. Put plants in your home and workplace, it is where more time is spent. In addition, plants absorb CO2, so it is also a slight remedy for other types of pollution. You can also make your windows or patio for plants to exploit solar energy to grow or may even grow a garden. Although many people seem strange, it is possible to grow tomatoes and other vegetables in pot. If you do not want to devote much time to look after them locate species requiring little care, depending on the weather where they live. For example, in dry climates and Crassula cacti are very hardy and require almost no care.

Can compost as manure home, if you have that possibility. Moreover, the leaves do not throw it away, it is advisable to split them and throw them into the ground. The bird droppings are also very adequate because they do not emit odors. In general, chemical fertilizers pollute far (not only where they are used but also where they occur).

We can not close this article without saying that care plants and planting trees is an educational and cultural benefit to children and adults, as well as increasing our sensitivity to nature, and of those around us.

Dec 10

The famous Mozart effect in children is mainly focused on the development of IQ, but according to an Israeli study, the melodies of Mozart could stimulate the metabolism of premature infants, and this could help them gain weight.Is that really true?

Nov 13

“No region can be considered free from risk,” said the U.S. and Arab experts, including Saudia Arabia’s deputy minister for preventative medicine, in a study in the journal Science.

The pilgrimage itself, in the last week of November, provides perfect conditions for the spread of the H1N1 flu virus, which is transmitted in droplets and by physical contact.

“The density of pilgrims, the nature of the rituals, and the shoulder-to-shoulder contact recommended during prayers provide a perfect transmission atmosphere,” wrote Shahul Ebrahim of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Ziad Memish of Saudi Arabia’s health ministry.

Around 3 million pilgrims from more than 160 countries take part in the haj in the holy city of Mecca most years, including up to 2 million who travel from abroad.

Memish and Ebrahim also said that after the event, around 45,000 pilgrims from Europe and more than 15,000 from North America will pass though major global airline hubs on their way home, further increasing the risk of spreading the virus.